Layer 1 · Proof of Stake · Live since 2020

NEAR ProtocolNATIVE ASSET · NEAR

A Layer 1 proof-of-stake blockchain built for usability and scale. NEAR uses human-readable account names instead of long addresses, scales by splitting work across shards, and finalizes blocks in a second or two. Request NEAR in the Zypto App below.

In the Zypto App Accepted as payment Not yet in the Zypto App Sharded

NEAR isn't in the Zypto App yet. Post the request to your followers, chains with the most demand get prioritized. All network data below stays live regardless.

ConsensusPoSSharded · staked validators
Native assetNEARFees, staking, storage
AccountsNamesHuman-readable, e.g. alice.near
Block time~1sFast finality
ScalingShardingParallel across shards
Launched2020Mainnet live
How it works

Built for people, not addresses.

NEAR is a proof-of-stake Layer 1 that aims to feel usable. Validators are chosen by stake to produce blocks, work is split across shards so the network can scale, and accounts use names you can read. Four ideas make that work.

Human-readable accounts

Instead of long hexadecimal addresses, NEAR accounts use names like alice.near. Access keys let you grant scoped permissions, and meta-transactions let apps cover fees on a user's behalf.

Sharding for scale

NEAR's sharding design, often called Nightshade, splits the network so transactions process in parallel across shards. Capacity can be added as demand grows rather than every node redoing all the work.

Proof of Stake

Validators are selected by stake to produce and validate blocks. NEAR holders can delegate stake to validators and earn rewards, and blocks finalize quickly, on the order of a second or two.

Low fees in NEAR

Transaction fees are low and paid in NEAR. A portion of fees is burned, and contracts can earn a rebate on the fees their usage generates, which rewards active applications.

How a transaction reaches finality
1

Broadcast

You sign a transaction with an access key on your named account and broadcast it. The network routes it to the shard responsible for the accounts involved.

2

Validate

Validators chosen by stake produce and validate blocks. Each shard processes its share of transactions in parallel, so the network can handle more as it grows.

3

Finalize

Blocks finalize in about a second or two. Once finalized the result is settled, and fees, paid in NEAR with a portion burned, are accounted for.

The layers under the hood
Accounts
Named accounts and access keys
Accounts use human-readable names like alice.near. Access keys grant scoped permissions, and meta-transactions let an app cover fees so a user can act without holding NEAR first.
Consensus
Proof of Stake across shards
Validators are selected by stake to produce blocks. The sharding design splits the network so transactions run in parallel, with holders able to delegate stake and earn rewards.
Contracts
Smart contracts in Rust and more
NEAR runs smart contracts written in Rust and other languages, supporting DeFi and consumer apps, with a focus on user-friendly onboarding and more recent AI-related infrastructure.
What it supports natively
  • Named accounts, readable names and scoped access keys
  • Staking & delegation, earn rewards by backing validators
  • Smart contracts, written in Rust and other languages
  • Meta-transactions, apps can cover fees for users

NEAR puts usability at the center, readable accounts, low fees, and quick finality, with sharding to add capacity and a contract platform for DeFi and consumer apps.

Adoption & usage

How the network is secured.

A qualitative read on NEAR's scale and how it stays safe, the staking, sharding and finality behind it, rather than the price. Live figures sit on the explorer.

View on nearblocks.io
Network design
Block time~1sFast finality
Finality~1-2sSettled quickly
ScalingShardingParallel across shards
FeesLowPaid in NEAR · partly burned
Network activity · illustrative trendGrowing

Built to add capacity. Because work is split across shards, NEAR can process transactions in parallel and grow as demand rises, rather than every node redoing all the work. For live counts, see the explorer.

Account modelNames

Human-readable account names and access keys make onboarding clearer, a defining feature of the network.

Security · Proof of Stake
Validator selectionBy stakeStaked NEAR
DelegationSupportedHolders earn rewards
Rewards funded byInflationPlus a share of fees
Fee burnPartialPortion of fees burned
Reliability
Producing blocks on mainnet since 2020
NEAR has produced blocks roughly every second since mainnet launched. Validators selected by stake, with holders able to delegate, keep any single operator from controlling the network or reversing settled transactions.
Design noteNEAR's sharding splits the network so it can scale by processing transactions in parallel across shards. The protocol has rolled this out in stages, adding shards and capacity over time as demand and tooling matured. For exact, current figures always check the explorer.
Ecosystem

What NEAR is used for.

NEAR supports smart contracts, DeFi and consumer apps, with a long focus on user-friendly onboarding and, more recently, AI-related infrastructure. Here is where it is actually used.

near.org

DeFi

Lending, trading and stablecoin apps run as smart contracts on NEAR, settling quickly for low fees in NEAR.

Consumer apps

Readable accounts and meta-transactions make NEAR a common choice for apps that want crypto in the background, with smoother onboarding for new users.

Smart contracts

Developers write contracts in Rust and other languages, deploying logic for DeFi, tokens, marketplaces and more directly on the network.

AI infrastructure

More recently, NEAR has invested in AI-related infrastructure alongside its onboarding work, building tooling that connects AI systems with on-chain accounts.

Where activity sits on the network
1DeFi protocolsLending & tradingActive
2$StablecoinsOn-network assetsActive
3CConsumer appsOnboarding-firstGrowing
4SStaking & delegationNetwork securityCore
5AAI toolingNewer infrastructureEmerging

A chain built around usability

Where many chains lead with raw throughput, NEAR leads with readable accounts and onboarding, then scales through sharding. Learn the basics in our crypto basics guides.

Ecosystem at a glance
Contract languagesRust+And other languages
Account modelNamesHuman-readable
In the Zypto App

Be the reason NEAR ships next.

NEAR isn't in the Zypto App yet. We prioritize the chains our community asks for most, so post the request and rally your followers. Every network detail above stays fully live in the meantime.

Be the reason NEAR ships next.

NEAR isn't in the Zypto App yet. Post the request to your followers and ask them to add their voice, we prioritize the chains with the most demand. Everything above stays fully live either way. For live prices, see the NEAR price page.

Available in the Zypto App · native asset & tokens

NEAR ProtocolNEAR$3.40+1.2%
NEAR stablecoinsOn network
NEAR tokensContract tokens

NEAR's native asset is NEAR. Tokens issued by contracts live on the network and would be held in self-custody, your keys, your coins.

Get NEAR in Zypto App

Accepted as Payment

When NEAR ships, you would be able to pay bills, top-ups and 24,000+ products with it through Zypto Pay, settling in seconds for a low network fee. Request it to move it up the list.

Swap & convert

CChangeNow LLetsExchange SSwapKit ZIn-app swaps
Fast finality NEAR finalizes blocks in about a second or two, so once it is integrated, swaps and transfers would settle quickly for a low fee paid in NEAR.

Once integrated, Zypto would route the best swap path automatically across these providers. Request NEAR to help it ship sooner.

History & FAQ

A usability-first Layer 1, plainly told.

Key milestones
2018
Project founded
NEAR is started by Illia Polosukhin and Alexander Skidanov, with the goal of a usable, scalable Layer 1 blockchain.
2020
Mainnet launch
The NEAR mainnet goes live as a proof-of-stake network with human-readable accounts and validators selected by stake.
2021
Sharding rollout begins
NEAR begins rolling out its sharding design in stages, splitting the network so transactions can process in parallel and capacity can grow.
2022
Ecosystem expansion
DeFi, consumer apps and tooling expand on NEAR, with continued investment in user-friendly onboarding through named accounts and meta-transactions.
2024
AI infrastructure focus
NEAR puts more emphasis on AI-related infrastructure alongside its onboarding work, building tooling that connects AI systems with on-chain accounts.
Key facts
Launched2020 (mainnet)
Native assetNEAR
ConsensusProof of Stake (sharded)
Block time~1 second
AccountsHuman-readable names
ScalingSharding (Nightshade)
ContractsRust and other languages
SupplyInflationary, with fee burn
Layer 1Proof of StakeShardingSmart contractsUsability
What is NEAR Protocol in one sentence?
NEAR Protocol is a Layer 1 proof-of-stake blockchain built for usability and scale, using human-readable account names, sharding to process transactions in parallel, and fast finality on the order of a second or two.
What is the difference between NEAR Protocol and NEAR?
NEAR Protocol is the blockchain, the network and software. NEAR is the native asset that lives on it, used to pay low transaction fees, secure the network through staking, and cover account storage.
How does NEAR scale?
NEAR scales through sharding, a design often referred to by the name Nightshade. It splits the network so transactions can process in parallel across shards, letting the protocol add capacity as demand grows rather than every node redoing all the work.
What are human-readable accounts?
Instead of long hexadecimal addresses, NEAR accounts use names like alice.near. The network also supports access keys for scoped permissions and meta-transactions, where an app can cover fees on a user's behalf, which is a defining feature of NEAR.
Is NEAR available in the Zypto App?
Not yet. NEAR isn't integrated in the Zypto App today. If you want it, post the request to your followers, we prioritize the chains with the most demand. For live prices and charts in the meantime, see the NEAR price page.
Explore more chains

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Zypto App

Hold crypto in self-custody.

Buy, send and swap supported assets in seconds, and use your crypto for real-world spending with a real Visa card, wherever Visa is accepted, all in one self-custodial app. Request NEAR to help it ship next.

Self-custodial · non-custodial · your keys, your coins.
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